Different Views Of Organizational Culture - 1334 Words

Organizational culture is a system of shared assumptions, values, and beliefs, which governs how people behave in organizations. These shared values have a strong influence on the people in the organization and dictate how they dress, act and perform their jobs. Many would ask how culture shapes an organization; in the following paragraph I will explain different views of organizational culture of various people. Culture is powerfully shaped by incentives. The best predictor of what people will do is what they are incentivized to do. Culture is a process of â€Å"sense-making† in organizations. Sense-making has been defined as â€Å"a collaborative process of creating shared awareness and understanding out of different individuals’ perspectives and†¦show more content†¦If you have many people working in a productive culture, you are going to have more of productive business, and better revenue. This is due to if many of your employees are productive, they are going to follow the leader and be productive as well. The exact opposite happens if you have unproductive and un-incentivized employees, they are going to feel like it is not worth the time to work, and revenue slips. The Organizational Culture of the St. Louis Cardinals has one of the strongest in major league sports as they keep putting in great prospects, and mostly everyone is happy in how the organization is being run. The way culture is transmitted to employees is my stories, rituals, material symbols, and language. Stories for example would be Nordstrom and car tires, Microsoft and â€Å"calling in rich and Krispy Kreme’s â€Å"minister of culture.† Rituals would be repetitive sequence of activities expressing and reinforcing key values and an example of this would be Mary Kay cosmetics annual award meeting. Material symbols is conveying to employees to what are important, who holds the power, and what kind of behaviors are appropriate. Languages helps identifi es members of cultures or subcultures, if used by all then it’s accepted and preserved such as companies like Boeing, who often use slang words. Key Characteristic of an Organizational Culture are innovation and risk taking, attention to detail, outcome orientation, team

Essay about Wars, Guns, and Votes Democracy in Dangerous...

Since the initiation of the Millennium Development Goals in 2000, securing democratic freedoms in developing countries has become a major global-political concern. As a result, various donor nations have implemented good governance conditionalities in their financial aid policies, emphasising the establishment of fair democratic elections in recipient countries. However, efforts to reinforce legitimate democratic governments in developing states have been largely unsuccessful. In the book Wars, Guns, and Votes: Democracy in Dangerous Places, economist Paul Collier examines how the international community’s obsession with democracy and elections has hindered the developmental process in what he has termed as the bottom billion countries. By†¦show more content†¦Collier also illustrates how the devious actions of politicians during elections circumvent the democratic process and retard reformation in developing states. Collier also writes on the role of ethnic politics in developing states. In this chapter, he argues that in the bottom billion countries, particularly sub-Saharan Africa, tribal loyalties exceed national loyalties. As a result, there is little incentive for the distribution of common public goods in developing states. Also in this section of the book, Collier analyzes the likelihood of newly democratic nations reverting back to conflict. According to Collier, peacekeeping and over-the-horizon guarantees are the best cost-benefit options in order to ensure developing states remain peaceful. In the second part of the book, Collier focuses on the role of guns, wars, and coups in bottom billion countries. In this discussion, he argues that military spending in developing states provokes rather than deters violence. Collier also details why low-income countries are more susceptible to war, as well as examines the developmental consequences of long-term conflict. Furthermore, he argues that coups are actually beneficial to developing stat es because they are the only effective means to oppose dictatorships. Also in this section of the book, Collier examines how economic shocks and politicalShow MoreRelatedWars, Guns, Votes Democracy in Dangerous Places Book Analysis1502 Words   |  7 Pagestireless anti-narcotics crusader. Although Murphy’s views on race changed over the course of her life,[5] the perspective contained in her book, the Black Candle, is considered the most consequential because it played a role in creating a widespread â€Å"war on drugs mentality† leading to legislation that â€Å"defined addiction as a law enforcement problem.†[6] A series of articles in Macleans magazine under her pen name, â€Å"Janey Canuck,† forms the basis of the Black Candle. Using extensive anecdotes and â€Å"expert†Read MoreDoes The Second Amendment Have A Place? Essay1225 Words   |  5 PagesDoes the second amendment have a place in the year 2016? 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While the Taliban was un der control the airways and televisionRead MoreThe s Favorite Flea Markets2772 Words   |  12 PagesIt was a crisp, cool spring day in Copenhagen on Sunday on April 12, 2015. Cheerful Danish families headed to places like the Rita Blà ¥ Lukus Lopper, one of the city’s favorite flea markets, in search of a lighthearted afternoon full of antique treasure hunting. In Amsterdam, Netherlands, the urban park Vondelpark was full of visitors enjoying its grassy playgrounds and signature rose garden. In both cities, the average family was enjoying a high, healthy quality of life. The woes of poverty, inequalityRead MoreThe s Favorite Flea Markets2772 Words   |  12 PagesIt was a crisp, cool spring day in Copenhagen on Sunday on April 12, 2015. Cheerful Danish families headed to places like the Rita Blà ¥ Lukus Lopper, one of the city’s favorite flea markets, in search of a lighthearted afternoon full of antique treasure hunting. In Amsterdam, Netherlands, the urban par k Vondelpark was full of visitors enjoying its grassy playgrounds and signature rose garden. In both cities, the average family was enjoying a high, healthy quality of life. The woes of poverty, inequalityRead MoreThe American Revolution : America2934 Words   |  12 Pagesto control the people like all the other countries around the world. Americans began to use creativity to entertain themselves, they would use art and literature. Many classic poems and stories were written after the American Revolution. The civil war was a rough time for America because it almost divided the nation, but after the union won, America started to grow to its full potential. America became freer because the citizens got to express their ideas and culture without being exiled by the governmentRead MoreGun Control or Gun Freedom? The Casualty Rate of Violence5670 Words   |  23 Pagesobtain a gun legally. Introduction Gun control or Gun freedom has been an important debate in the American history. The proponents of Gun freedom use the 2nd amendment to indicate how the constitution protects the right of every citizen to own a gun. The opponents on the other hand question this interpretation of the 2nd amendment or call for a change in constitution if that is what it takes to make American societies safer. This group believes that this interpretation used by pro-guns lobbiesRead MorePersonal Privacy or National Security2424 Words   |  10 PagesToo much of one hurts the other and vise versa. There are a couple of articles that range from Civil Liberties to the birth of public right to know that support the overall claim. Talks about the effects of censorship in different situations like war and peace will help prove that a balance needs to be forged. The problem here isn’t the definition of personal vs national security, but the survival of each in light of each other. There is history i n our nation that explains why impinging on privacyRead MoreSpeech to Inform8146 Words   |  33 Pageshost at least four venues. For example, besides Ukraines capital Kiev it may be Donetsk whose construction sites are sponsored by local oligarchs, owners of the local sports club Shakhtar. It may be Lwow that borders on Poland and has historical places under UNESCO protection. Poland and Ukraine were a surprise choice for Euro-2012, and Ukraine, in particular, still is. Football fans expect a lot from Euro-2012. There may be inconveniences, like unsatisfactory infrastructure in Ukraine. PolandRead MoreAdavantages Disadvantages for Small States3253 Words   |  14 PagesChattisgarh and Jharkhand †¢ Small states Depend on Central Government †¢ What is the guarantee that small states will make the progress? †¢ Politicians want to become the chief Minister or for the political power. †¢ Hatred Among state will increase †¢ Election vote should be counted who is defeated Like these I am sure there are many more reasons to oppose creation of small states. But I still I say and insist that Creation of small state is good for India. Let’s understand and know why creation of small states

The Formation of In-groups free essay sample

The author of this piece is Dr. Gordon Allport. He is the former head of Harvard’s Department of Psychology as well as the founding father of social psychology. Allport published many books including The Nature of Prejudice (1954). The purpose of the article is to inform the audience that in-groups are everywhere and identity is based on our in-groups. This essay is an excerpt from the book The Nature of Prejudice in 1954 and is a credible source because the principles Allport discussed are still studied by psychologists and researchers today. In the essay, Allport speaks of reference groups and how it relates to in-groups. According to Allport reference groups are the group that an individual wishes to be apart of, but an in-group is one that a person is in. He describes the differences as relating to each other, but different in the fact that in-groups and reference groups differ by the individuals desire to be in his in-group or not. We will write a custom essay sample on The Formation of In-groups or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Allport also discusses in-groups based on sex. The author uses Lord Chesterfield as a source to act as a counterargument and to make a point of the elements of prejudice, and how it shows favoritism with one’s own group. The author uses an example from the passage to prove to the audience that not all in-group loyalties are static and loyalties depend on the individual and can change. To sum up Allport’s discussion of in-groups, he talks about the presence of out-groups and how they affect in-groups. He argues that although competition with an out-group makes an in-group more solidified, a hostile interaction and competition with the out-group is not necessary. The thesis of the article seeks to provide reasoning for in-groups; Allport comments, â€Å"while we sometimes do become bored with our daily routine of living and with some of our customary companions, yet the very values that sustain our lives depend for their force upon their familiarity† (170). Allport’s statement directly speaks to every individual in the audience to make this essay relatable and to grab their attention. Allport is an extremely credible source because not only is he one of the founding fathers of social psychology, but the book that this essay comes from is about the complexities of human existence and prejudice. This is a scholarly source because the essay comes from a journal, and Allport shares his own research and discoveries regarding in-groups. Allport also uses additional sources to prove his main points and the essay concludes with a bibliography, therefore making this source scholarly. Allport was not even-handed in the discussion  becau se he respectfully took the views of other sources, and would use these examples as a counterargument to his argument of favoritism towards one in-group, and was very passionate that in-groups do not require an out-group for cohesiveness. This is different to my other sources because this essay only focuses on in-groups in general and how they begin; my other sources focus directly on the psychological effects and personality traits of only children. This source has defined my in-group as an only child as an ascribed group and has provided me on some background of an ascribed group in general. Allport’s essay has led me to wonder about the traits and the psychological effects of an ascribed group in general. This source was helpful to me because Allport laid out the general foundation and dynamics of an in-group. I am going to use this source as a basis of my ascribed in-group and a starting point to the origin of in-groups. I am curious to study how being an only child has affected me as psychologically and how it defines my personality. Allport’s article will be cited in my autoethnography when I talk about reference groups. Allport defines reference groups as â€Å"†¦an in-group that is warmly a ccepted or a group in which the individual wants to be apart of† (178). I have always wanted to have siblings, and my desire to be apart of a different in-group makes families with more than one child my reference group. The author of this work is Lauren Sandler who has written cultural and women’s articles for publications such as Time, The Atlantic, and the New York Times. This article â€Å"One and Done† is an excerpt from her book â€Å"One and Only† and the reviews of this book come from extremely credible sources such as the New York Times, therefore establishing her credibility. The author’s purpose for writing this piece is to argue that having one child is not â€Å"detrimental† to the child psychologically, and only-children are not different than kids with siblings. This piece was written July 7, 2010 so the research and studies are very up to date. The main points of this article started out with the argument of why Sandler herself decided to have one child, and this is based on how â€Å"the economy is sluggish†¦ and raising kids cost a bundle. She describes the effects of the recession on the number of children women bear, and points out that women are having less and less children because of their high costs. Sandler then goes on to discuss why  people urge families to have more than one child, and she uses personal experience of a cashier in a store to exemplify the pressure of having more kids. Sandler investigates why there is such an aversion to have only one child, â€Å"single children are perceived as spoiled, selfish, solitary misfits,† because this is such a believable stereotype, parents are pressured to have multiple children because they â€Å"don’t want to do that to their child.† Sandler uses the study by Granville Stanley Hall to act as a counterargument of the obvious loneliness stereotypes of only children. Hall argued that children who do not have siblings are lonely, spoiled, and as permanent misfits. Sandler counter argues Hall’s study with Toni Falbo, who is a â€Å"prof essor of education psychology and sociology at the University of Texas at Austin. Falbo studies came to the conclusion that only children were not different personality wise than children with siblings. Falbo also found that only children were very similar to firstborn children because they generally score higher in intelligence and achievement. The reason only children seem to be perceived as spoiled is because parents can put all their time, energy, and resources into this one child. Sandler uses psychologist Carl Pickhardt to discuss this stereotype, theres no question that only children are highly indulged and highly protected, he tells me. But that doesnt mean the stereotype is true.† Sandler changes the topic to study the parents’ reasoning for having more than one child and with the source Professor Samuel Demson parents have more children so the child will not be alone, and do not necessarily have multiple children because they themselves will be happier. But times are changing, according to social psychologist Susan Newman, as parents realize that children consume their lives and parents want a life too, therefore parents have realized that its easier to have one. However only children is beginning to take on the role as the new norm because of economic uncertaintly and the recession. Kohler says that â€Å"as the acceptability of one-child families increases over time, theres an absence of these pressures to have more childrenand so people dont. Sandler briefly mentions the burden of having to take care of elderly parents on her own, and suggest that parents have more kids simply for this reason. However from her own experience, Sandler has set up a support group like her husband to deal with these situations so it is not as bad. The article comes to a close with a predicted shift in the demographic  transition model as population decreases due to the economic recession and as families start having only one child. Sandler ends the article with a final excerpt of her own life, commenting â€Å"for now, my kid is happy enough to dance down supermarket aisles by herself or with her friends and cousins. And with her, sometimes, I do too.† The hypothesis that is clear in the article is that only children are not different and not psychologically damaged from not having siblings. Sandler relates everything she talks about as an argument that supports only children. Sandler has written many excerpts for publications such as Time and the New York Times, which establishes her credibility. This article â€Å"One and Done† is an excerpt from her book â€Å"One and Only† and the reviews of this book come from extremely credible sources such as the New York Times, therefore establishing her credibility.

my papas waltz Essays (977 words) - Guggenheim Fellows, Poetry

Treasured Moments ?My Papa?s Waltz? is a poem written by Theodore Roethke, whom portrays the speaker as a young boy with his father. In the poem, the speaker describes a night where his drunken father is taking him for a dance around the kitchen, a waltz of sorts. Roethke intends to portray the relationship between the son and his father by describing an event in which he remembers very vividly. I think that Roethke portrays that the speaker holds this event closely to his heart, as he uses this event to describe the relationship between father and son. The importance of this relationship relates to the year this poem was written. In the 1940s, children very rarely got to see their father because they were always working while the mothers stayed home tending to the cooking, cleaning, and children. Therefore any time they were able to spend with their fathers were cherished. As we begin to read the poem, we become aware of the scene and tone for the poem set up by Roethke. The first stanza is where we find out that the father is drunk or has been drinking. Roethke uses the line ?The whiskey on your breath/Could make a small boy dizzy.? So we now know that the father has been drinking and the son is aware of it. We also find out that the father and son are dancing. Even with the drinking and smell of whiskey, the son wants to partake in the dancing, could be a dangerous thing to do because drinking can impair balance and stability. Roethke uses the line ?But I hung on like death:?which shows that maybe the son was clinging onto his father so tightly was because he felt his father losing balance and stumbling. The decrease in the father?s balance is shown again in the second stanza of the poem, which shows the scope of the rough housing and dancing that the father and son are partaking in. They are romping around in the kitchen, knocking pots and pans over which could be cause of his drinking and why the mother is frowning at them. I think this stanza shows the importance of the waltz that the two are having. ?We romped until the pans/Slid from the kitchen shelf;/My mother?s countenance/Could not unfrown itself.?, which shows that regardless of what?s going to happen, even if they are going to knock pots and pans over or even if his wife is frowning at him, that the father is going to continue waltzing with his son. It also shows how much he enjoys spending time with his son, even if he has been drinking, he just thinks of how much fun he is having with his son that rarely occurs due to his work schedule. The third stanza of the poem gives us a detail about the father which actually gives us much more insight into the life of the father. Roethke uses the line ?The hand that held my wrist/Was battered on one knuckle;? I think what Roethke was trying to show here was that his father was a working man. Not one that sat behind a desk or a phone, but rather on that used his hands for work, physical manual labor. When I think of this, I think it shows in better detail the relationship between the father and the son. The father works all day out in the field or factory, and after he gets home he wants to relax by having some whiskey and dancing with his son. Also, Roethke talks about every time that his father missed a step, his ear would scrape his belt buckle, showing the closeness of the two of them, literally holding onto each other as they rumble around in the kitchen. However his remembrances of feeling his father?s belt buckle makes you realize that this time spent with his father is so dear to him that he practically remembers it like it was yesterday. As the poem comes to an end, it does in fact prove the father had been at work. This is shown with the line ?You beat time on my head/With a palm caked hard by dirt,? illustrating that the father in